# Heart disease due to high blood pressure #
**Tags:**
* Acute Cardiovascular Diseases
* Disease of the circulatory System of the people
* Obesity and cardiovascular disease
:::warning
A sedentary lifestyle, alcohol, and cigarette consumption increase body weight which in turn hinders healthy blood circulation and strength of arteries and veins. This results in high blood pressure. So, if you’re overweight, you need to monitor your blood pressure frequently.
:::
[](https://cardio-balance-ph.store-best.net)
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## Acute Cardiovascular Diseases ##
<div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
Kasabay nito, hindi inirerekomenda ang pangmatagalang pag-inom ng mga gamot mula sa kategoryang Diuretics, dahil ang mahahalagang sangkap tulad ng Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium ay mabilis na nailalabas sa katawan kasama ng sobrang tubig at asin. Alinsunod sa katangiang ito, sinasabayan ng mga Diuretics ang pag-inom ng mga gamot na may laman ng mga sangkap na ito. Maaaring ito ay mga vitamin at mineral na complexes, monokomponent, o mga suplemento sa pagkain na may napatunayang klinikal na bisa.
</div>
Heart disease due to hypertension: pathophysiology and clinical implications
High blood pressure, also called hypertension, is one of the most important risk factors for the development of heart disease. In accordance with the current epidemiological studies, approximately 1.28 billion adult hypertension worldwide, with a majority of the cases treated inadequately or not at all is diagnosed.
Pathophysiological Bases
Arterial hypertension leads to a chronic Overload of the cardiovascular system. Due to the increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the heart must work harder to pump the blood in the body. This permanent strain caused left ventricular hypertrophy is a thickening of the heart muscle wall, which initially serves as an adjustment reaction, however, leads to long-term restriction of Diastole and to a reduction of the pumping function.
Furthermore, the persistent increase in blood pressure causes damage to the vascular wall and promotes the formation of atherosclerosis. The calcification and narrowing of the coronary arteries reduces the transport of oxygen to the heart muscle and can lead to Angina or a myocardial infarction.
Clinical Consequences
To diseases, the most common heart caused by high blood pressure or favors, include:
Congestive heart failure: The overloaded Ventricle loses its ability to pump efficiently, which leads to accumulation of fluid in the pulmonary circulation and in peripheral tissues.
Arrhythmias: Structural and electrical changes in the heart can increase the risk for atrial fibrillation and other heart rhythm disorders.
Coronary heart disease (CHD): Due to atherosclerosis, narrowing of the vessels, the blood flow to the myocardium, reduce.
Sudden cardiac death: Often through life-threatening arrhythmias triggered, in particular, in the case of untreated hypertension with concomitant hypertrophy.
Diagnostics and Management
Early diagnosis of hypertension and adequate blood pressure control is crucial to prevent the development of secondary diseases. The diagnostics includes:
regular measurement of blood pressure (target value: under 140/90 mmHg in high-risk patients under 130/80 mmHg),
Echocardiography for assessment of left ventricular function and structure,
Electrocardiogram (ECG) for the detection of signs of hypertrophy or arrhythmias,
Laboratory Tests (Kidney Function, Lipid Spectrum Of Blood Sugar).
The therapy consists of lifestyle measures and pharmacological approaches:
Reduction of salt intake, weight reduction, physical activity, avoiding Smoking and alcohol,
Administration of antihypertensive agents (ACE inhibitors, AT1‑receptor blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, calcium channel blockers).
Conclusion
High blood pressure is a modifiable risk factor, the effective control can reduce the incidence and progression of heart disease significantly. A systematic prevention, early diagnosis and personalized therapy are therefore of Central importance for the improvement of the prognosis of patients with arterial hypertension.
> Isang malawak na pagpipilian ng mga gamot mismo pati na rin ng mga pamamaraan para sa pagbawas ng gamot mula sa mataas na presyon ang nagbibigay-daan sa iyo na pumili ng pinaka-komportableng programa ng paggamot – ang abot-kaya sa gastos, na may minimal na pagpapakita ng mga side effect, at isinasaalang-alang ang ibang kasamang sakit. Kapag matagal ang pag-inom ng tabletas at binabago ng doktor ang gamot, ito ay dahil ang ilang gamot ay may katangian na magdulot ng pagkagumon, na nagreresulta sa kaunting pagbaba ng bisa nito. Bukod dito, hindi lahat ng grupo ng gamot ay angkop para sa mga pasyente sa iba't ibang edad, at may mga limitasyon din sa pagiging compatible nito sa ibang uri ng gamot.
<a href="http://ustke.org/photos/heart-cardiovascular-disease-9799.xml">Disease of the circulatory System of the people</a>
Madalas nagtatanong ang mga tao sa mga botika tungkol sa mga gamot laban sa presyon ng bagong henerasyon na walang side effects. Pero sa totoong buhay, hindi ito nangyayari. Lahat ng epektibong gamot ay may kanya-kanyang side effects. Kailangan mong maglaan ng maraming oras kasama ang iyong doktor para piliin ang tamang grupo ng gamot laban sa high blood pressure para sa'yo. <a href="http://dientrotiendathc.com/media/ftp/urgent-diseases-of-the-circulatory-system.xml">http://dientrotiendathc.com/media/ftp/urgent-diseases-of-the-circulatory-system.xml</a>
## Disease of the circulatory System of the people ##
Diseases of the circulatory system of the people
The cardiovascular System plays a Central role in the maintenance of homeostasis in the human body. It embraces the heart as a Central pumping mechanism, as well as the network of blood vessels — arteries, veins and capillaries — that ensure the continuous Transport of oxygen, nutrients, hormones and waste products. Diseases of this system are one of the leading causes of death worldwide and represent a major public health Problem.
Among the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system:
Coronary heart disease (CHD): it is caused by a narrowing of the coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis, which leads to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Symptoms may include Angina pectoris (chest pain), shortness of breath, and in severe cases a myocardial infarction.
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is Defined as a permanently elevated blood pressure (≥140/90 mmHg), can hypertension overload the heart and the risk for stroke, heart attack, and kidney damage increase significantly.
Heart failure: In this disease, the ability of the heart to pump blood efficiently is affected. Consequences are often Edema (water retention), shortness of breath and fatigue.
Arrhythmias: deviations from the normal heart rhythm, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation, can lead to insufficient blood circulation and an increased risk of stroke.
Atherosclerosis is A systemic process in which Plaques (deposits of cholesterol, fat and other substances) in the blood vessel walls and form. This, the blood vessels constrict or block and is the basis of many cardiovascular diseases.
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in modifiable and non-modifiable groups:
Modifiable factors: Smoking, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, Overweight/obesity, Diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and chronic Stress.
Non-modifiable factors: Genetic predisposition, age and gender (men are suspended until menopause age, a higher risk).
Diagnostic methods for the detection of cardiovascular disease include:
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Echocardiography
Stress tests
Coronary angiography
Blood tests (e.g., Troponin measurement in the case of suspected infarction)
Therapeutic approaches vary depending on the disease and include drug therapy (e.g., beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, statins), is a lifestyle‑related measures and surgical interventions (e.g., Bypass surgery or Stent Implantation).
Prevention remains the most effective way to reduce the incidence and mortality of diseases of the cardiovascular system. A healthy way of life, regular medical examinations, and the early identification of risk factors are of crucial importance.
<a href="http://magdrywall.com/project-new/christianbook/upload_images/describe-the-principles-of-prevention-of-cardiovascular-diseases.xml">Obesity and cardiovascular disease</a> ** Heart disease due to high blood pressure **.
Acute cardiovascular diseases: causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches
Acute cardiovascular diseases represent one of the leading causes of death worldwide and, therefore, require a comprehensive understanding of its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy. This post gives disorders an Overview of the major acute cardiovascular disease, its risk factors, and current treatment strategies.
Definition and main forms
Sub-acute cardiovascular disease refers to a group of conditions that are characterized by a sudden impairment of the function of the heart or the blood flow to the heart. Among the most important forms:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI): due to an occlusion of a coronary artery causes, leads to ischemia and subsequent necrosis of the heart muscle.
Unstable Angina pectoris: a Form of coronary heart disease, which is characterized by pain in the chest under resting conditions and an increased risk for a heart attack is.
Sudden cardiac arrest: an acute, life-threatening condition in which the heart ceases to function abruptly.
Acute heart failure: a severe worsening of a pre-existing heart failure or a recent malfunction of the heart with faster symptom development.
Arrhythmias: in particular, threatening rhythm of life fluttern disorders such as ventricular fibrillation or ventricular.
Risk factors
The most important modifiable risk factors include:
Hypertension
Hyperlipidemia
Diabetes mellitus
Smoking
Overweight and obesity
Lack of exercise
Stress
Among the non-modifiable factors, age, disease, gender (higher risk in men) and a family history of cardiovascular disease.
Symptoms
The clinical symptoms vary depending on the disease, however, show partial Overlaps:
heavy, pressing or burning pain behind the breastbone, in the left Arm, the neck, the lower jaw or the back may radiate
Shortness Of Breath (Dyspnea)
Sweating (Diaphoresis)
Nausea and vomiting
Tachycardia, or irregular heartbeat
Weakness, dizziness or loss of consciousness
Diagnostics
A rapid and precise diagnosis is essential for the success of the therapy. The most important diagnostic procedures are:
History and physical examination
Electrocardiogram (ECG) for the detection of ischemia characters or arrhythmias
Laboratory diagnosis: in particular, the determination of cardiac enzymes such as Troponin
Echocardiography for the assessment of cardiac function and structure
Coronary angiography in cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction
if necessary, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of aortic dissections, or other causes
Therapy
The treatment depends on the particular disease and often requires a multimodal approach:
Drug therapy: antithrombotic agents (e.g., Aspirin, Clopidogrel), anticoagulants, beta-blockers, ACE‑inhibitors, nitrates, diuretics.
Interventional procedures: percutaneous coronary Intervention (PCI) with stent implantation or thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction.
Surgical procedures: coronary bypass surgery (CABG) in the case of complex vascular occlusions.
Style changes: Smoking abstinence, healthy diet, regular physical activity, weight control life.
Rehabilitation: cardiac Rehabilitation for improving the prognosis and quality of life.
Forecast and prevention
The prognosis depends on the Severity of the disease, the time to initiation of Therapy and the Presence of Comorbidities. Effective secondary prevention after an acute event (medication, life style changes, Patient education) can reduce the risk of recurrence significantly. Primary preventive measures aimed at the modification of risk factors, are key to the reduction in the incidence of acute cardiovascular diseases in the population.
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- [x] <a href="http://mhreng.com/userfiles/which-herb-for-high-blood-pressure.xml">Acute Cardiovascular Diseases</a>
- [x] <a href="http://churchtextile.com/userfiles/berry-against-high-blood-pressure.xml">Disease of the circulatory System of the people</a>
- [x] <a href="http://www.digitech-hr.net/akram/know_news/admin/userfiles/tablets-of-high-blood-pressure-forum-861.xml">Obesity and cardiovascular disease</a>
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## Obesity and cardiovascular disease ##
Obesity and cardiovascular disease: A critical connection
Obesity, as a pathologically increased percentage of body fat, defined as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m
2
represents a worldwide increasing health problem. Numerous studies have shown a close connection between obesity and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), congestive heart failure, stroke, and arterial hypertension.
Pathophysiological Mechanisms
The connection between obesity and CVD is mediated by multiple pathophysiological processes:
Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity is often associated with insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia (elevated triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol), and hypertension. These factors, together with the so-called metabolic syndrome, which increases the cardiovascular risk is significant form.
Inflammatory reactions. Adipöses tissue, in particular visceral fat, acts as an endocrine-active Organ and secretes Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin‑6 (IL‑6). Chronic inflammatory processes promote atherosclerosis formation.
Endothelial dysfunction. Adipocytes influence the production of Adipozytokinen (e.g., Adiponectin, Leptin), which leads to disruption of the vascular endothelial function and vasodilation is impaired.
Mechanical Stress. Increased body weight increases the work load of the heart, which can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy, and later of heart failure.
Epidemiological Data
According to the WHO estimates, over 650 million adults worldwide suffer from obesity. Epidemiological studies show:
An increase in BMI of 5 kg/m
2
is associated with a doubling of the risk for coronary heart disease.
In obese patients, the risk of stroke is increased by 40-60%.
Obesity is associated in 70% of cases with arterial hypertension.
Clinical Implications
A weight reduction of 5-10% of initial body weight results in obese persons to a significant improvement in metabolic parameters:
Lowering blood pressure
Normalization of blood glucose levels
Improvement of the lipid profile
Reduction of inflammatory markers
Prevention and therapy
A multimodal approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases is essential:
Diet: low-calorie, fiber-rich diet with a reduced content of saturated fatty acids and sugar.
Movement therapy: at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week.
Drug therapy: in case of increased cardiovascular risk drugs for lowering blood pressure, lowering cholesterol or blood sugar control is necessary.
Bariatric surgery for severe obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m
2
) or BMI≥35 kg/m
2
with co-morbidities, the operating weight reduction in life can have the effect of increasing.
Conclusion
Obesity is disease a major, modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The early identification of obese patients, and a targeted Intervention for weight reduction can reduce the cardiovascular risk and the quality of life and life expectancy improve. Interdisciplinary care is of paramount importance.
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